Chapter: 1
Introduction to Anthropology
Exercise:
1. Answer:
(a) What does anthropology mean?
(b) Who said that 'anthropology is the child of Darwin'?
Answer: The British thinker Robert R. Matter said that 'anthropology is the child of Darwin'
Answer: - The branch of anatomical or biological anthropology studies the complete anatomical characteristics of human beings.
2. Give short answers
Answer: - The various branches of anthropology are described below with the help of pictures
(b) What is meant by anthropology? Write down Harskvit's definition.
The word anthropology is made up of two words - ' anthropology' and 'theory' The word 'nr' means man and the word 'tattva' means science. So we can say that anthropology is the scientific study of people .
Again, humans always live in societies and are the only cultured creatures among living things. Therefore, anthropology is the systematic study of all aspects of human beings including anatomical, social, cultural, historical, geographical, etc.
Herscott's definition is 'anthropology is the description of man and his actions'
(c) What is applied anthropology?
Answer : Frenchman Yuri Bowaz is considered the father of American anthropology.
His definition of anthropology is 'anthropology is the holistic study of human culture and experience'.
3. Write the answers:
(a) Describe the parts of anatomical anthropology.
Answer: - The divisions of anatomical anthropology are described below―
Physical or Biological Anthropology:―
(i) Molecular Biology
(ii) Paleoanthropology
(iii) Primatology
(iv) Human Anatomy
(v) Paleo pathology
(vi) Forensic Anthropology
(vii) Human Ecology
(viii) Racial Study
(ix) Human Genetics
(b) What is prehistoric archaeology? Write the sections.
Answer : Prehistoric archeology is the study of prehistoric archeology due to technical advances and advances in techniques. Advanced technology is used in all areas such as exploration, excavation, analysis and conservation. The divisions of prehistoric archeology are―
Prehistoric Anthropology:―
(i) Historical Archeology
(ii) Classical Archeology (Classical Arch)
(iii) Biblical Archeology
(iv) Industrial Archeology
(v) Ethnoarchaeology
(vi) Cultural Resource Management
(vii) Maritime Archeology
(viii) Salvage Archeology
(c) Discuss the relationship of anthropology to geology.
Answer: There is no written account of the origin and evolution of man. Ethnographers use various archaeological tools and methods for completely scientific and orderly excavations. These resources are recovered from underground by special methods like geographical location systems, magnetic resistance surveys etc. based on physics formulas.
In addition to the study of fossils, biologists and ethnologists jointly study the place of humans in the ecosystem, evolution, and human relationships with various primates.
Chronology is very important in the study of evolution. In such cases, it is necessary to know the layer of the soil from which the recovered materials were recovered, the structure of the soil layer, changes, etc. In such cases, anthropology applies various formulas and methods of geology. Similarly, anthropology is closely related to geology.
Additional FAQ:
1. What is the English synonym for anthropology?
Answer: "Anthropology"
2. What is the origin of the word "Anthropology" ?
The word "anthropology" is derived from two Greek words . The two words are "Anthropos" which means "man" and "Logos" which means "science". In other words, "Anthropology" means "the science of mankind"
3. Name two groundbreaking works of Charles Darwin.
Answer: (i) 'Origin of Species' (1859)
(ii) The Descent of Man (1871)
4. The Who called anthropology 'Darwin's child'?
Answer: The famous British thinker Robert R. Marett.
5. Define anthropology.
Answer: Ethnologist M.Sc. G.S. According to Herscovits, "anthropology is the account of man and man's actions"
6. How many categories is anthropology divided into and what are the categories?
Answer: Anthropology is divided into four categories. They are 一 anatomical anthropology, cultural anthropology, archaeological anthropology and linguistics.
7. What is paleoanthropology?
Answer: Paleoanthropology is the study of extinct primates and the fossils of early humans, pre-human beings.
