LESSON 16

 DINDAYAL UPADHYAY

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Comprehension:


1. Where was Dindayal Upadhyay born? 

(āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟⧰ āϜāύ্āĻŽ āĻ•’āϤ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ?) 

Ans: Dindayal Upadhyay was born the village Chandrabran, now called Dindayal Dham, near the Farah town in Mathura District, 26 km away from Mathura.

(āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟⧰ āϜāύ্āĻŽ āĻŽāĻĨুā§°া āύāĻ—ā§°ā§° āĻ“āϚ⧰⧰ āĻĢাā§°াāĻš āϜিāϞাāϤ, āĻŽāĻĨুā§°া āύāĻ—ā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া ⧍ā§Ŧ āĻ•ি.āĻŽি. āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦāϤ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āϚāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŦ্ā§°াāύ āĻ—াā§ąঁāϤ,āϝাāĻ• āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ āϧাāĻŽ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšā§Ÿ āϤাāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


2. What were Dindayal's parents name? 

(āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ⧰ āĻ…āĻ­িāĻ­াā§ąāϕ⧰ āύাāĻŽ āĻ•ি āφāĻ›িāϞ?) 

Ans: Dindayal's father's name was Bhagwati Prasad and his mother's name was Srimati Rampyari.

(āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ⧰ āĻĒিāϤৃā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻ­াāĻ—ā§ąāϤী āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাāĻĻ āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāϤৃā§° āύাāĻŽ āĻļ্ā§°ীāĻŽāϤী ā§°াāĻŽāĻĒি⧟াā§°ী āφāĻ›িāϞ)


3. How did Upadhyay come into contact with Rashtriya Swayamsevak sangh? 

(āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ ā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§°ী⧟ āϏ্āĻŦ⧟ংāϏেā§ąāĻ• āϏংāϘ⧰ āϏংāϏ্āĻĒā§°্āĻļāϞৈ āφāĻšিāĻ›িāϞ?) 

Ans: He came into contact with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangha (RSS) while he was a student at Sanatan College, Kanpur, in 1937 .He  came into account with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangha (RSS) through his classmate Balaji Mahashabde.

(āϤেāĻ“ঁ ā§§ā§¯ā§Šā§­ āϚāύāϤ ,āĻ•াāύāĻĒুā§°āϤ  āϏāύাāϤāύ āĻ•āϞেāϜ⧰ āĻ›াāϤ্ā§° āĻšৈ āĻĨāĻ•া āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāϤ ā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§°ী⧟ āϏ্āĻŦ⧟ংāϏেā§ąāĻ• āϏংāϘ⧰ āϏংāϏ্āĻĒā§°্āĻļāϞৈ āφāĻšিāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āϏāĻšāĻĒাāĻ ী āĻŦাāϞাāϜী āĻŽāĻšাāĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেā§° āϜ⧰ি⧟āϤে āĻ‡ā§Ÿাā§° āϏংāϏ্āĻĒā§°্āĻļāϞৈ āφāĻšিāĻ›িāϞ)


4. Who founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh?

(āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜাāϤী⧟ āϏ’āϘ āĻ•োāύে āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ া āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ?)

Ans: Shyama Prasad Mukherjee founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh.

(āĻļ্āϝাāĻŽ āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাāĻĻ āĻŽূāĻ–াā§°্āϜী⧟ে āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜāύ āϏংāϘ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ া āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ)


5. What did Shyama Prasad Mukhrejee say about Upadhyay? 

(āĻļ্āϝাāĻŽ āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাāĻĻ āĻŽূāĻ–াā§°্āϜী⧟ে āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟⧰ āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āĻ•ি āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ?) 

Ans: Shyama Prasad Mukhrejee said about Upadhyay that if he  had two Dindayals, he could transform the political face of India.

(āĻļ্āϝাāĻŽ āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাāĻĻ āĻŽূāĻ–াā§°্āϜী⧟ে āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟⧰ āĻŦিāώ⧟ে  āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϝāĻĻিāĻšে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĻুāϜāύ āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ āĻĒাāϞেāĻšেঁāϤেāύ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ ā§°াāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ āϏāϞāύি āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāϞে āĻšেāϤেঁāύ৷)


6) Write the name of the drama that Upadhyay had written?

 āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে āϞিāĻ–া āύাāϟāĻ•āĻ–āύ⧰ āύাāĻŽ āϞিāĻ–া?

Ans:Dindayal Upadhyay started a monthly ‘Rashtra Dharm’ from Lucknow in 1940 and Later he started a weekly Panchyamya and a daily ‘Swadesh’.

āĻĻীāύāĻĻāϝ়াāϞ āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝাāϝ়ে ⧧⧝ā§Ēā§Ļ āϚāύāϤ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āĻŖৌā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŽাāĻšেāĻ•ীāϝ়া ‘ā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§° āϧ⧰্āĻŽ’ āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻĒিāĻ›āϞৈ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏাāĻĒ্āϤাāĻšিāĻ• āĻĒāĻž্āϚ্āϝাāĻŽ্āϝ āφ⧰ু āĻĻৈāύিāĻ• ‘āϏ্āĻŦāĻĻেāĻļ’ āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ।


7. Who was the founder of RSS?

(RSSā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ াāϤা āĻ•োāύ?)

Ans: The founder of RSS was K.B. Hedgewar.

(RSSā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ াāϤা āĻ•ে. āĻŦি. āĻšেāĻĄāĻ—েā§ąাā§° āφāĻ›িāϞ)


Answer the following question:

(āϤāϞ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āύāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āωāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻĻি⧟া)

1. Write briefly about the education of Upadhyay. 

(āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟⧰ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āϞিāĻ–া)

Ans: Upadhyay was an excellent student. He studied under the guardianship of his maternal uncle. He went to high school in Sikar, where he matriculated. He stood first in the Board exam, obtaining a gold medal from Maharaja Kalyan Singh of Sikhar, along with a monthly scholarship of 10 rupees and an additional 250 rupees for his books. He did intermediate at the Birla college in Pilani. He did B. A at the Sanatan Dharma College, in 1939 and graduated in first division. He joined St. John's College, Agra, to pursue a Master's degree in English literature but was unable to appear for the final year examination on account of a cousin's illness. His maternal uncle persuaded him to sit for the public services exam, where he got selected but declined to join the services on account of his interest in working with the common man. He obtained a B.T degree at Prayag and entered public services.

(āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟ āĻāϜāύ āωāϤ্āϤāĻŽ āĻ›াāϤ্ā§° āφāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āĻŽোāĻŽা⧟েāϕ⧰ āϤāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦাā§ąāϧাāύāϤ āĻĒā§াāĻļুāύা āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ›িāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻšাāχāϏ্āĻ•ুāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻŽেāϟ্ā§°িāĻ•ুāϞেāϚāύ āĻĒাāĻ› āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āĻŦā§°্āĻĄ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰াā§° āϞāĻ—āϤে āĻ›িāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻŽāĻšাā§°াāϜ āĻ•āϞ্āϝাāĻŖ āϏিāϙ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āϏোāĻŖā§° āĻĒāĻĻāĻ• āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāĻšিāϞী ā§§ā§Ļ āϟāĻ•াāĻ•ৈ āϜāϞāĻĒাāύি āφ⧰ুāĻ•িāϤাāĻĒā§° āĻ–ā§°āϚ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦāĻĻ ā§¨ā§Ģā§Ļ āϟāĻ•া āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŽāϧ্āϝ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻĒীāϞাāύিā§° āĻŦিā§°āϞা āĻ•āϞেāϜ⧰ āĻĒā§°ি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏāύাāϤāύ āϧ⧰্āĻŽ āĻ•āϞেāϜ⧰ āĻĒā§°া ā§§ā§¯ā§Šā§¯ āϚāύāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦিāĻ­াāĻ—āϤ  āĻŦি āĻ āĻĒাāĻ› āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤাā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏ্āύাāϤāĻ•োāϤ্āϤ⧰ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āφāĻ—্ā§°াā§° āϚেāχāύ্āϟ āϜāύ্‌ āĻ•āϞেāϜāϤ āύাāĻŽāĻ­ā§°্āϤি āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻ­াāĻ—িāύী⧟েāϕ⧰ āĻ…āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĢাāχāύেāϞ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাāϤ āĻŦāĻšিāĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āύাāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻŽোāĻŽা⧟েāĻ•ে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļাāϏāύিāĻ• āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώা āĻĻিāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŽাāύ্āϤি āϕ⧰াāχāĻ›িāϞ,āϝ’āϤ āϤেāĻ“ঁ āω⧰্āϤ্āϤীāĻŖ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āϜāύāϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖā§° āĻšāĻ•ে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰াā§° āφāĻ—্ā§°āĻšā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏে⧟া āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝাāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĒ্⧰⧟াāĻ—ā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻŦি āϟি āĻĄিāĻ—্ā§°ী āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰ি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļাāϏāύিāĻ• āϏেā§ąাāϤ āĻ…ংāĻļ āϞৈāĻ›িāϞ)


2. Write about Upadhyay's view regarding western concept in Indla.

(āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟⧰ āĻ­াā§°āϤāĻŦā§°্āώāϤ āĻĒাāĻļ্āϚাāϤ্āϝ āϧাā§°āĻŖাāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āϞিāĻ–া)

Ans: Dindayal Upadhyay was convinced that India as an independent nation can't rely upon western concept like individualism, democracy, socialism, communism, capitalism etc. And he was of the view that the Indian polity after independence has been raised upon these supreficial western foundations and not rooted in the timeless traditions of India's ancient culture. He was of the view that the Indian intellect was getting sunflowery by western theories and ideologies and consequently there was a big roadblock on the growth and expansion of original Bharatiya thought. He said that there was an urgent public need for a fresh breeze. He welcomed modern technology, but wanted it to be adopted to suit Indian requirements. Dindayal believed in a constructive approach. He exorted his followers to co-operate with the Government when it was right and fearlessly opposed when it erred. He believed in swaraj which was advocated by Bharatiya Janata party till the end of last century. He placed nation's interest above everything else.

(āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟ে āĻŦুāϜিāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āĻ­াā§°āϤ āĻāĻ–āύ āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύ ā§°াāώ্āϟ্ā§° āφ⧰ু āχ āĻĒাāĻļ্āϚাāϤ্āϝ āϧাā§°āĻŖা āϝেāύে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻŦাāĻĻ,āĻ—āĻŖāϤāύ্āϤ্ā§°,āϏāĻŽাāϜāĻŦাāĻĻ,āϏাāĻŽ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻ,āĻĒুঁāϜিāϟāĻŦাāĻĻ āφāĻĻিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে৷ āφ⧰ু āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻāχ āϧাā§°āĻŖাā§° āĻĒāĻ•্āώāĻĒাāϤী āφāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύোāϤ্āϤ⧰  āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ ā§°াāϜāύীāϤি āĻāύে āĻ•ৃāϤ্ā§°িāĻŽ āĻĒাāĻļ্āϚাāϤ্āϝ āϧাā§°āĻŖাāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āω⧰্āĻĻ্āϧāϤ āφ⧰ু āĻāχ āϧাā§°āĻŖাāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āϐāϤিāĻš্āϝāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āχāϤিāĻšাāϏ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āφāϧাā§°িāϤ āύāĻšā§Ÿ৷ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŽāϤে āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āϧিāĻ•āϤা āĻĒাāĻļ্āϚাāϤ্āϝ⧰ āϧ্āϝাāύ āϧাā§°āĻŖাā§° āĻ…āύ্āϧ āĻ…āύুāϕ⧰āĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে āϝি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϚিāύ্āϤাāϧাā§°াā§° āĻšেāĻ™াā§° āϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒি āĻĨি⧟ āĻĻিāĻ›ে৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āĻ‡ā§ŸাāϤ ā§°াāϜāĻšুā§ąাāĻ­াā§ąে āĻāĻ• āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻŦāϤাāĻšā§° āĻĒ্⧰⧟োāϜāύ āφāĻ›ে৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āϝুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āϏāĻŽā§°্āĻĨāĻ• āφāĻ›িāϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āϏে⧟া āϝাāϤে āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āĻĒ্⧰⧟োāϜāύী⧟āϤাā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻ–াāĻĒ āĻ–া⧟ āϏে⧟া āĻŦিāϚাā§°িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ—āĻ āύāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āϚেāώ্āϟাā§° āϏāĻŽā§°্āĻĨāĻ• āφāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āϏāĻŽā§°্āĻĨāύāĻ•াā§°ীāϏāĻ•āϞāĻ• āϝেāϤি⧟া āϚ⧰āĻ•াā§° āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āφāĻ›িāϞ āϤাāϤ āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤা āφāĻ—āĻŦā§াāĻŦāϞৈ āĻ•ৈāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āϝ’āϤ āĻĒ্⧰⧟োāϜāύ āφāĻ›িāϞ āϤাāϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­িāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে āĻŦিā§°োāϧিāϤাāĻ“ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻļেāώāϞৈāĻ•ে āĻ­াā§°āϤী⧟ āϜāύāϤা āĻĒাā§°্āϟিā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻĒ্ā§°āϚাā§°িāϤ āϏ্āĻŦā§°াāϜāϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻĻেāĻļāĻ• āϏāĻ•āϞোāϤāĻ•ৈ āωāϚ্āϚ āφāϏāύ āĻĻিāĻ›িāϞ)


WORKING WITH THE TEXT  

1. Complete the paragraph by filling in the missing words. Try not to lsee the lesson. 

(āĻšেā§°ুā§ąা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŦোā§° āĻŦিāϚাā§°ি āϤāϞ⧰ āĻĒাā§°াāĻ—্ā§°াāĻĢāϟো āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϕ⧰া৷)

Ans: Dindayal Upadhyay was born in 1916 in the village Chandrabran, now called, Dindayal Dham near the farah town in Mathura District 26 km away from Mathura. His father,Bhagawati Prashad  was a well known astrologer and his mother Srimati Rampyari was a religoius minded lady. Both his parents died when he was young and he was brought up by his maternal uncle.He excelled academically under the guardianship of his maternal uncle and aunt.He went high school in Sikar, where he matriculated.

(āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ āωāĻĒাāϧ্āϝাā§° āϜāύ্āĻŽ ⧧⧝⧧ā§Ŧ āϚāύāϤ  āĻŽāĻĨুā§°া āύāĻ—ā§°ā§° āĻ“āϚ⧰⧰ āĻĢাā§°াāĻš āϜিāϞাāϤ, āĻŽāĻĨুā§°া āύāĻ—ā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°া ⧍ā§Ŧ āĻ•ি.āĻŽি. āĻĻূā§°āϤ্āĻŦāϤ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āϚāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻŦ্ā§°াāύ āĻ—াā§ąঁāϤ,āϝাāĻ• āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻĻীāύāĻĻ⧟াāϞ āϧাāĻŽ āĻŦুāϞি āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšā§Ÿ āϤাāϤ āĻ•োā§ąা āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞāϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ• āĻ­াāĻ—ā§ąāϤী āĻĒ্ā§°āϏাāĻĻ āĻāϜāύ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āϜ্āϝোāϤিāώী āφāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāϤৃ āĻļ্ā§°ীāĻŽāϤী ā§°াāĻŽāĻĒি⧟াā§°ী āĻāĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ী āϧাā§°্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āφāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŽাāĻ• āĻĻেāωāϤাāĻ• āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏ⧰ু āĻšৈ āĻĨāĻ•া āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāϤে āĻĸুāĻ•াāχāĻ›িāϞ āφ⧰ু āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻŽোāĻŽা⧟েāĻ•ে āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āĻĻীāϘāϞ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āύিāϜ⧰ āĻŽোāĻŽা⧟েāĻ•-āĻŽাāĻŽী⧟েāϕ⧰ āϤāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦাā§ąāϧাāύāϤ āĻĒā§াāĻļুāύা āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷৷āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ›িāĻ•াā§°ā§° āĻšাāχāϏ্āĻ•ুāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻŽেāϟ্ā§°িāĻ•ুāϞেāϚāύ āĻĒাāĻ› āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ৷)


2. Given below are some phrases from the lesson. Use them in sentences of your own. 

(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĒাāĻ āϟিā§° āĻĒā§°া āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝাংāĻļ āĻĻি⧟া āĻšৈāĻ›ে ৷āϏেāχāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ ā§°āϚāύা āϕ⧰া)

Ans: religious minded: My father was a religious minded person.

(āĻŽোā§° āĻĻেāωāϤা āĻāϜāύ āϧাā§°্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āφāĻ›িāϞ)

 on account of: We invited them  on account of the birthday celebration.

(āφāĻŽি āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•āĻ• āϜāύ্āĻŽāĻĻিāύ⧰ āωāĻĒāϞāĻ•্āώে āύিāĻŽāύ্āϤ্ā§°āĻŖ āĻĻিāĻ›িāϞোঁ)

fill up: You must fill up the form in order to sit in the examination

.(āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώা āĻŦāĻšিāĻŦāϞৈ āϤুāĻŽি āĻĢā§°্āĻŽ āĻ­ā§°্āϤ্āϤি āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āϞাāĻ—িāĻŦ)

thought provoking: His speech in the meeting was really thought provoking.

(āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŽিāϟিāĻ™āϤ āĻĻি⧟া āĻŦāĻ•্āϤৃāϤাāϟো āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āϚিāύ্āϤা āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ āϕ⧰াāχāĻ›িāϞ)

 rely upon: We should never rely upon rumours.

(āφāĻŽি āĻ•েāϤি⧟াāĻ“ āω⧰া āĻŦাāϤ⧰িā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύাāϞাāĻ—ে)


GRAMMAR AND USAGE

3. Fill in the blanks with suitable preposition.

(āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ…āĻŦ্āϝ⧟⧰ে āĻ–াāϞী āĻ াāχ āĻĒূā§° āϕ⧰া) 

Ans:

a. The book was lying on the desk.

(āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒāĻ–āύ āϟেāĻŦুāϞ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤে āφāĻ›ে)

b. I am tired of walking.

(āĻŽāχ āĻ–োāϜāĻ•াā§ি āĻ­াāĻ—ā§°ি āĻĒā§°িāĻ›োঁ)

c. The old man walks with a stick. 

(āĻŦুā§া āĻŽাāύুāĻšāϜāύে āĻĒেāĻ™ āϞৈ āĻ–োāϜāĻ•াā§ে) 

d. I have not seen him since a long time. 

(āĻŽāχ āϤেāĻ“ঁāĻ• āĻŦāĻšুāĻĻিāύ āϧ⧰ি āĻĻেāĻ–া āύাāχ)

 e. The cow lives on grass. 

(āĻ—ā§°ুā§ąে āϘাঁāĻš āĻ–াāχ āϜী⧟াāχ āĻĨাāĻ•ে)

f. We suffer from cold in winter. 

(āφāĻŽাā§° āϜাā§°ā§° āĻĻিāύāϤ āĻĒাāύী āϞāĻ—া āϜ্āĻŦā§° āĻšā§Ÿ) 

g. The sky is above our head. 

(āφāĻŽাā§° āĻŽূā§°ā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āφāĻ•াāĻļ āφāĻ›ে)

h. What is the time by your watch? 

(āϤোāĻŽাā§° āϘ⧜িāϤ āĻ•েāχāϟা āĻŦাāϜিāĻ›ে) 

i. The Taj Mahal stands beside the Jamuna. 

(āϤাāϜ āĻŽāĻšāϞ āϝāĻŽুāύা āύāĻĻীā§° āĻ•াāώāϤ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ) 

j. She bought this book for fifty rupees.

(āϤাāχ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒāĻ–āύ āĻĒāĻž্āϚাāĻļ āϟāĻ•াāϤ āĻ•িāύিāĻ›ে)


4.Write the contracted forms of the following

(āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻি⧟াāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āϏংāĻ•্āώিāĻĒ্āϤ ā§°ূāĻĒāϤ āϞিāĻ–া) 

Ans:

i. She has not-she hasn't ii. I am not - I amn't 

ii. He should not- He shouldn't iv. I cannot - I can't v. They need not-They needn't vi. We do not - we didn't vii. You had not -You hadn't viii. She does not: She doesn't


5.Write the full form of these contraction: 

((āϤāϞāϤ āĻĻি⧟া āϏংāĻ•্āώিāĻĒ্āϤ ā§°ূāĻĒā§° āĻĻীāϘāϞ ā§°ূāĻĒ āϞিāĻ–া)

 Ans: i. He won't - He would not ii. We weren't- we were not  ii. You shan't -you shall not iv. She didn't- she did not

v. They mustn't - they must not vi. I wasn't: I was not


5. Fill in the blanks using the correct degree of camparison oI the words given in blackets 

(āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āωāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ ā§°ুāĻĒে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া) 

i. Rahul is the -boy in the class (good)  

Ans: Rahul is the best boy in the class.

(ā§°াāĻšুāϞ āĻļ্ā§°েāĻŖীāϟোā§° āĻļ্ā§°েāώ্āĻ  āϞ’ā§°া)


ii. Ashoka is -than any other emperor that has ever reigned (great) 

 Ans: Ashoka is greater than any other experor that has ever reigned.

(āĻ…āĻļোāĻ• āϏ⧰্āĻŦāĻļ্ā§°েāώ্āĻ  āϏāĻŽ্ā§°াāϟ)


ii. The- baby won the prize. (pretty)  

Ans: The prettiest baby won the prize.

(āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āϧুāύী⧟া āĻļিāĻļুāϟোā§ąে āĻĒুā§°āώ্āĻ•াā§° āĻĒাāϞে)


iv. Name the -river in the world. (long)  

Ans: Name the longest river in the world.

(āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻĻীā§°্āϘāϤāĻŽ āύāĻĻীāĻ–āύ⧰ āύাāĻŽ āĻ•োā§ąা)


v. Boys are - than girls in their work. (careless)  

Ans: Boys are more careless than girls in their work.


vi. The - pair of shoes was thrown out of the window. (bad)  

Ans: The worst  pair of shoes was thrown out of the window

(āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻŦে⧟া āϜোāϤাāϝোā§° āĻĒেāϞাāχ āĻĻি⧟া āĻš’āϞ)


vii. Misery is the - mystery. (great)

Ans: Misery is the greatest mistery.

(āĻĻুāĻ–েāχ āϏāĻ•āϞোāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ ā§°āĻšāϏ্āϝ)


6. Given below are jumbled sentences. Working in groups, rearrange the words in each sentence to form correct sentences. 

(āϤāϞāϤ āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻ–েāϞি āĻŽেāϞিāĻ•ৈ āĻĻি⧟া āĻšৈāĻ›ে৷ āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄāĻŦোā§° āĻ­াāϞāĻĻā§°ে āϏāϜাāχ āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰া)

a. Oliver Twist/work house/in/was/born/  

Ans: Oliver Twist was born in work house.

(āĻ…āϞিāĻ­াā§° āϟুāχāϏ্āϟ ā§ąā§°্āĻ• āĻšাāωāĻ›āϤ āϜāύ্āĻŽ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


b. knew/father/nobody/who/his/was 

Ans: Nobody knew who his father was.

(āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻĒিāϤৃ āĻ•োāύ āφāĻ›িāϞ āϏে⧟া āĻ•োāύেāĻ“ āϜāύা āύাāĻ›িāϞ)


c. died/mother/his birth/his/soon/after  

Ans: His mother died soon after his birth.

(āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŽাāϤৃā§° āϜāύ্āĻŽā§° āĻĒাāĻ›āϤে āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


d. brought up/Oliver/was/work house/orphanage/run by/the/an/in.

Ans: Oliver was brought up in an orphanage run by work house.

(āĻ…āϞিāĻ­াā§° ā§ąā§°্āĻ• āĻšাāωāϛ⧰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻĒā§°িāϚাāϞিāϤ āĻ…āύাāĻĨাāϞ⧟āϤ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āĻĻীāϘāϞ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ)


7.Here are some questions in direct speech. Put them into reported speech. 

(āĻĒā§°োāĻ•্āώ āωāĻ•্āϤিāϞৈ āϏāϞāύি āϕ⧰া)

 i. The lady said to me, "What is the shortest way back?"  

Ans: The lady asked me what the shortest way back was.

(āĻŽāĻšিāϞাāĻ—ā§°াāĻ•ী⧟ে āĻŽোāĻ• āϚāĻŽু ā§°াāϏ্āϤাāϟো āĻ•েāύি āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞে৷)


ii. He said to us, "Are you coming to the meeting today?"

Ans: He asked us whether we were coming to the meeting on that day.

(āϏি āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞ āφāĻŽি āϏেāχāĻĻিāύা āĻŽিāϟিāĻ™āϞৈ āφāĻšিāĻŽ āύে)


 ii. The king said to his ministers, "What will you do if you are suddenly attacked. by a stronger enemy?"  

Ans: The king asked his minister what would they do if they were suddenly attacked by a stronger enemy.

(ā§°āϜাāχ āϤেāĻ“ঁā§° āĻŽāύ্āϤ্ā§°ীāϏāĻ•āϞāĻ• āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞ āϝে āϝāĻĻিāĻšে āĻ•োāύো āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻļāϤ্ā§°ুā§ąে āĻšāĻ াāϤে āφāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽāĻŖ āϕ⧰ে āϤেāϤি⧟া āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāĻ•ে āĻ•ি āϕ⧰িāĻŦ)


IV. The teacher said to the student, "When will you show your home Work? 

Ans: The teacher asked the student when would he show his home work.

(āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ•āϜāύে āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°āϜāύāĻ• āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻš’āĻŽā§ąā§°্āĻ• āĻ•েāϤি⧟া āĻĻেāĻ–ুā§ąাāĻŦ āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞ)


v. She said to us, "Have you anything to say?

Ans: She asked us whether we had anything to say.

(āϤাāχ āφāĻŽাāĻ• āĻĒিāĻŦা āĻ•’āĻŦāϞāĻ—ী⧟া āφāĻ›ে āύেāĻ•ি āϏুāϧিāĻ›িāϞ)


 vi. The teacher became angry with the student and said "Why are you again disturbing the class in this way?

Ans: The teacher asked the student why he was disturbing the class in that way.

(āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ•ে āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°āϜāύāĻ• āϏুāϧিāϞে āϝে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻ•ি⧟ āĻļ্ā§°েāĻŖীāϟোāϤ āϤেāύেāĻĻā§°ে āφāĻŽāύি āϕ⧰ি āφāĻ›ে)



 

Himadri Bora

(M.A in English)

Check by - Mukesh Borah



Post ID : DABP006180